![]() Such exacting demands are exemplified by systematic reviews of complex interventions.Įmerging systematic review methods for complex interventions often seek to identify underpinning theories to explore, and attempt to explain, what exactly is happening as a result of the intervention. Innovative methods of synthesis, in turn, require that the team moves away from reliance on topic-based search techniques that are specified a priori towards more creative, intuitive and iterative procedures for evidence identification. Further research should examine the contribution of the methodology beyond improved yield, to the final synthesis and interpretation, possibly by utilizing qualitative sensitivity analysis.Īs systematic review methodologies seek to incorporate an ever wider variety of types of evidence, and to integrate both quantitative and qualitative data, review teams need to develop ever more innovative and imaginative techniques of synthesis. There is no reason to believe that cluster searching is not generalizable to other review topics. The methodology is transparent, explicit and reproducible. ConclusionsĪ single case study suggests the potential utility of cluster searching, particularly for reviews that depend on an understanding of context, e.g. Additional data helped us to challenge simplistic assumptions on the homogeneity of the target population. We used these reports to understand the context for the intervention and to explore explanations for its relative lack of success. Relevant material included book chapters, a Web-based process evaluation, and peer reviewed reports of projects sharing a common ancestry. ![]() Items previously rejected by an initial sift were subsequently found to inform our understanding of underpinning theory (for example Diffusion of Innovations Theory), context or both. Our structured, formalised procedure for cluster searching identified useful reports that are not typically identified from topic-based searches on bibliographic databases. We followed up Citations, traced Lead authors, identified Unpublished materials, searched Google Scholar, tracked Theories, undertook ancestry searching for Early examples and followed up Related projects (embodied in the CLUSTER mnemonic). From a single “key pearl citation” we conducted a series of related searches to find contextually or theoretically proximate documents. In a systematic review of community engagement we identified a relevant project – the Gay Men’s Task Force. We sought to conduct a preliminary investigation, from a single case study review, of techniques required to identify a cluster of related research reports, to document the yield from such methods, and to outline a systematic methodology for cluster searching. A review team may find it more useful to examine a “study cluster” a group of related papers that explore and explain various features of a single project and thus supply necessary detail relating to theory and/or context. A single published report from a research project does not typically contain this required level of detail. Typically, when reviewing complex interventions, a review team will seek to understand the theories that underpin an intervention and the specific context for that intervention. subdir2/test PDF file 3.Systematic review methodologies can be harnessed to help researchers to understand and explain how complex interventions may work. subdir1/test PDF file 2.pdf - | grep -with-filename -label='' -color=always -ignore-case -context=5 'pattern' test PDF file 1.pdf - | grep -with-filename -label='' -color=always -ignore-case -context=5 'pattern' parallel "pdftotext -q ']' -color=always -ignore-case -context=5 'pattern'" So I tried the whole thing with GNU parallel. ![]() I tried the xargs method, but as pointed out here, xargs will make it impossible (or very hard) to include printing the actual file name.
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